OPB452 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 2
To view more information for this unit, select Unit Outline from the list below. Please note the teaching period for which the Unit Outline is relevant.
Unit code: | OPB452 |
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Prerequisite(s): | OPB352 |
Corequisite(s): | OPB351 |
Credit points: | 12 |
Timetable | Details in HiQ, if available |
Availabilities |
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CSP student contribution | $1,164 |
Domestic tuition unit fee | $4,356 |
International unit fee | $5,352 |
Unit Outline: Semester 2 2025, Kelvin Grove, Internal
Unit code: | OPB452 |
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Credit points: | 12 |
Pre-requisite: | OPB352 |
Co-requisite: | OPB351 |
Coordinator: | Katrina Schmid | k.schmid@qut.edu.au |
Overview
This is a continuation of OPB352 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 1. The unit covers the anatomy and physiology of the skull and orbit, extraocular muscles, eye movements, cranial nerve pathways, the retina, visual pathways, vasculature of the eye and brain, neurophysiology of vision and electrophysiological techniques. Understanding the underlying ocular anatomy and physiology is fundamental to the interpretation of vision assessment, other clinical measures, ocular disease processes and ocular pharmacology. You will be provided with a detailed knowledge of the structures both internal and external to the eye that are involved in the production of clear, single vision and its perception.
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this unit you will be able to:
- Describe and apply the structure of the eye and surrounding tissues from a functional perspective.
- Explain and apply an in depth understanding of the underlying physiological processes involved in visual processing.
- Differentiate between a normal and diseased eye and normal and abnormal visual function.
- Collaborate with team members to conduct practical optometry related tasks.
Content
This unit continues on from Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 1. It covers the structural organisation of the eye, the orbit and the visual pathways. Both gross and micro-anatomical (histological) aspects of these structures will be discussed.
Emphasis will be placed on:
- extraocular muscles
- eye movements
- cranial nerves
- retinal processing
- relay of visual information to the visual cortex,
- blood supply to the eye and visual pathway
- higher order visual processing
- and electrophysiology.
Together with OPB352 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 1, the ocular anatomy and physiology units develop fundamental and core knowledge required for later learning in diseases of the eye and therapeutic management, as well as clinical techniques for evaluating ocular health. You will be provided the necessary fundamental understanding that aligns with the patient examination competencies including:
- Assessment of the ocular adnexa and the eye.
- Assessment of central and peripheral sensory visual function and the integrity of the visual pathways.
- Assessment of oculomotor and binocular function
- Understand physiological processes that are important in pharmacological and other regimens to treat ocular disease and injury which are further developed in later stages of the program.
Learning Approaches
The formal lecture series will provide you with a theoretical understanding of the key aspects of ocular anatomy and physiology. Practical exercises and tasks will reinforce your theoretical understanding and enable you to practice your practical and clinical skills. Working individually and collaborating with peers will develop your confidence to work both autonomously and collaboratively. Self-directed resources and activities will be available on the unit site to further reinforce your knowledge and skills.
Feedback on Learning and Assessment
Quizzes to allow you to review your own learning will be provided using an online interactive computer application. You can use the automated quiz scores and answers to review the information presented and gain feedback on your understanding of the lecture materials.
Feedback will be provided from the academic teaching team regarding the summative assessment in the unit, with opportunity for individual feedback, and general discussion of the assessment outcomes. Feedback on practicals will be provided during practical sessions. Individual performance feedback for each assessment item will be provided using Canvas, in addition collective class feedback on the end-of-semester examination will be provided based on topic themes.
Assessment
Overview
Your assessment consists of three main tasks.
Throughout the semester you will attend four practical sessions and the first assessment task is to showcase your learning during and throughout these sessions. You will, with a small group of fellow students, lead one practical session. You will work collaboratively and use your organisational and teamwork skills to guide fellow students through the activities that need to be completed. Optometrists often work in a team situation and delegate tasks to practice staff; this is an important skill to develop. In completing this task, you should take on the role of an optometrist in managing your team. The second phase of this assessment is as the learner. You will actively participate in all the practical sessions and complete worksheets under the guidance of the peer-teachers to reinforce your learning during the practical session. Optometrists often work closely with, and share knowledge and training with colleagues, and the ability to work collaboratively and engage in peer learning is an important skill to develop.
The second assessment task provides the opportunity for you to show the practical skills you have developed in identifying ocular structures and related physiological processes. In completing this task, you should take on the role of an optometrist in showing your high-level understanding of the eye's anatomy and physiology.
The third assessment task will be held in the central exam period at the end of semester it will assess the depth of your understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the eye, a particular discipline area that informs the detection of pathology and understanding of potential mechanisms for ocular treatments.
Detailed information on each of these assessments is provided on the Canvas site. To assist your exam preparation a session that includes sample questions and how to tackle answering these questions is provided. Assessment items 2 and 3 are threshold assessments, where you are required to complete each assessment to a satisfactory level to pass the unit.
Satisfactory performance in practical skills (Assessment 2) and the end-of-semester examination (Assessment 3) is required for a passing grade to be awarded. This means that at least 50% must be obtained in the final exam. Students obtaining 40% or greater on these assessment tasks will be provided time to increase their learning and a second attempt to meet the learning outcomes.
None of the assessment tasks in this unit meet the criteria for the automatic 48 hr extension.
Unit Grading Scheme
7- point scale
Assessment Tasks
Assessment: Practicals
Over the four practical sessions, students will undertake a variety of practical clinical activities that are designed to solidify learning about ocular anatomy and physiology, as well further develop their clinical, communication and teamwork skills. The assessment will include working with fellow students in a group to give a short presentation and discussing the findings at the end of the practical for one practical. As an individual, students will complete short worksheets about each practical, these will be completed during the practical classes.
Assessment: Practical skill assessment
Face-to-face assessment to demonstrate your ability to identify ocular anatomical structures and understanding of physiological concepts.
Threshold Assessment:
For professional accreditation, students must be able to integrate foundational knowledge, such as Ocular Anatomy and Physiology, consistent with the Entry-Level Competency Standards for Optometry. To pass this unit students must show satisfactory performance on this assessment item which is a mark =>50%. Students will be eligible for one reattempt at the minimum pass level, only when their achieved mark is 40-49% for this assessment item. Students are advised to seek feedback on their performance from the unit coordinator prior to the reattempt. Students will not be eligible for a reattempt if their overall grade in the unit is a failing grade.
Assessment: Examination (Invigilated)
Two-hour end of semester examination testing knowledge of the structure of the eye from a functional perspective and your ability to detect the difference between a normal and diseased eye and their visual function.
Threshold Assessment:
For professional accreditation, students must be able to integrate foundational knowledge, such as Ocular Anatomy and Physiology, consistent with the Entry-Level Competency Standards for Optometry. To pass this unit students must show satisfactory performance on this assessment item which is a mark =>50%. Students will be eligible for one reattempt at the minimum pass level, only when their achieved mark is 40-49% for this assessment item. Students are advised to seek feedback on their performance from the unit coordinator prior to the reattempt. Students will not be eligible for a reattempt if their overall grade in the unit is a failing grade.
Academic Integrity
Academic integrity is a commitment to undertaking academic work and assessment in a manner that is ethical, fair, honest, respectful and accountable.
The Academic Integrity Policy sets out the range of conduct that can be a failure to maintain the standards of academic integrity. This includes, cheating in exams, plagiarism, self-plagiarism, collusion and contract cheating. It also includes providing fraudulent or altered documentation in support of an academic concession application, for example an assignment extension or a deferred exam.
You are encouraged to make use of QUT’s learning support services, resources and tools to assure the academic integrity of your assessment. This includes the use of text matching software that may be available to assist with self-assessing your academic integrity as part of the assessment submission process.
Breaching QUT’s Academic Integrity Policy or engaging in conduct that may defeat or compromise the purpose of assessment can lead to a finding of student misconduct (Code of Conduct – Student) and result in the imposition of penalties under the Management of Student Misconduct Policy, ranging from a grade reduction to exclusion from QUT.
Resources
Resource Materials
Recommended text(s)
Freddo, T. F., & Chaum, E. (2018). Anatomy of the eye and orbit : the clinical essentials. Wolters Kluwer.
Remington, L.A.; Goodwin, D. (2022), Clinical Anatomy and Physiology of the Visual System, (4th ed). St. Louis, Missouri : Elsevier
Reference book(s)
Bron, A.J., Tripathi, R.C., Tripathi, B.F. (2001) Wolff's Anatomy of the Eye and Orbit (8th edition) , London: Chapman and Hall Medical.
Kaufman, P.L., Alm, A. (2011) Adler's Physiology of the Eye: Clinical Application (10th edition) , St Louis: Mosby (library E book)
Oyster, C.W . (1999) The Human Eye: structure and function, Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates.
Risk Assessment Statement
There are no out of the ordinary risks associated with this unit.
Standards/Competencies
This unit is designed to support your development of the following standards\competencies.
Entry-Level Competency Standards for Optometry 2014
1: Professional Responsibilities
Relates to: Practicals
3: Patient Examination
Relates to: Practicals, Practical skill assessment, Examination (Invigilated)
Course Learning Outcomes
This unit is designed to support your development of the following course/study area learning outcomes.OP45 Bachelor of Vision Science
- Apply scientific knowledge and core skills of vision science and optometry.
Relates to: Examination (Invigilated) - Reflect and apply critical thinking, problem solving and analysis to generate optometric and vision science solutions in clinical and scientific settings.
Relates to: Examination (Invigilated) - Conduct effective ethical, culturally safe, and evidence-based clinical and technical ocular assessments that include data collection and experimental protocols.
Relates to: Practicals, Practical skill assessment - Practice as an inclusive, collaborative and reflective professional with capacity to develop resilience, interprofessionalism, and commitment to sustainability goals.
Relates to: Practicals